Polonnaruwa Dynasty Reign: 1153-1186 CE

King Parakramabahu I

Parakramabahu I, a magnificent emperor who ruled Sri Lanka from 1153 to 1186 CE, unified the sub-kingdoms of the island, built extensive irrigation systems, and implemented religious and social reforms.

Key Achievements

Unifying the three sub-kingdoms of the island and uniting Sri Lanka
Constructing vast irrigation systems (including Parakrama Samudra) according to the motto: 'Not even a drop of water falling from the sky should be allowed to flow into the ocean without being used for the benefit of the people.'
Reorganizing the country's military and engaging in military campaigns in South India and Myanmar
Reforming Buddhist practices, and constructing religious sites, hospitals, and social welfare units
Expanding and embellishing the capital city of Polonnaruwa, and promoting artistic endeavors

Introduction

Parakramabahu I (Maha Parakramabahu; 1123–1186) ruled Sri Lanka from 1153 to 1186 CE. Making Polonnaruwa his capital, during his reign, he successfully unified all three sub-kingdoms that existed on the island. He diligently expanded and embellished his capital, engaged in constructing vast irrigation systems, reorganizing the country’s military, reforming Buddhist practices, and promoting artistic endeavors, while also engaging in military campaigns in South India and Myanmar.