Introduction
King Mittasena was a ruler who reigned for a short period in the Anuradhapura Kingdom during the fifth century CE. His reign, which lasted only about a year from 435 to 436 CE, was marked by controversies surrounding his ascension to the throne and his ultimate downfall due to a foreign invasion. He is known in history by the derogatory epithet “Karal Hora” (the Paddy Thief).
Ascension to the Throne
The manner in which King Mittasena ascended the throne is a controversial event in history. It is reported that after the assassination of King Chatthagahaka, a minister who was a close friend of the king took steps to place Mittasena on the throne. This minister conducted King Chatthagahaka’s final rites within the city and then named Mittasena as the king of Anuradhapura.
The Name “Karal Hora” and Controversies
King Mittasena is famous in history by the derogatory epithet “Karal Hora” (the Paddy Thief). There are various interpretations of this name. According to some critics, “Karal Hora” refers to a rebellious rogue or someone who had lived in the jungle. Furthermore, they point out historical issues with this name, as it would be difficult for someone engaged in petty theft to have connections with royalty. Although there is no direct mention of this in historical sources, it is speculated that there might have been some problematic situation due to the friendship between the minister who enthroned him and King Chatthagahaka. It is also believed that he might have had some connections with the Buddhist monks (Sangha).
Reign and Rebellions
King Mittasena’s rule was short and unstable. This situation likely arose because the strategy of the minister who helped him ascend the throne did not function properly. According to reports, the minister claimed that King Mittasena was ill and attempted to rule the kingdom himself. Nevertheless, Mittasena’s rule became unpopular among the populace, leading to widespread rebellions.
End of the Reign
King Mittasena’s unstable reign ended with a South Indian invasion. During this period of internal rebellions, a Tamil invader named Pandu invaded Lanka. King Mittasena was killed during this invasion, and Pandu seized the throne of Anuradhapura. Thus, King Mittasena’s short and controversial reign came to an end.